Quiz | Jatin Verma’s IAS Academy

Let Us Help you!

Or
Call Now +918882932364
Correct Incorrect Unattempted
Q1

Which of the following is/are responsible for climate change?

1. Volcanism

2. Sunspots 

3. Solar eclipses

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

Q2

Which of the following may happen due to Global warming and the greenhouse effect?

1. Reduce the yield of crops.

2. Reduce grain size

3. Delayed maturation of crops

4. Thinner and more fragile shells marine organisms

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

Q3

Consider the following gases:

1. Chlorofluorocarbon

2. Nitrogen dioxide

3. Carbon monoxide

4. Carbon dioxide

5. Methane 

Which of the above gases is/are considered as 'Greenhouse gas’?

 

Q4

Which one of the following correctly describes the term 'ecological balance'?

 

Q5

Consider the following statements:

1. Carbon dioxide can increase the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere.

2. The amount of water vapour in the air at any given time is strongly related to the amount of greenhouse gases in the air.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

 

Q6

Which of the following is/are effects of climate change on food security, consider the following statements:

1. Pole ward spread of pests and diseases in both hemispheres.

2. Increased frequency of extreme climatic events will reduce crop production.

3. Acidification of oceans will disturb the marine food chain.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

Q7

 Which of the following is/are effects of global warming?

1. Rise of sea level.

2. Increase of the temperature near the ocean surface.

3. Drastic fall in precipitation of water and soil moisture.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

Q8

Which of the following Geoengineering methods can be used to address climate change?

1. Reducing cloud brightness

2. Ocean fertilization

3. Reducing surface brightness

4. Algae-coated buildings 

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

Q1.

Which of the following is/are responsible for climate change?

1. Volcanism

2. Sunspots 

3. Solar eclipses

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

a) 2 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
Solution : b)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

The causes of climate change are many. They can be grouped into astronomical and terrestrial causes. The astronomical causes are the changes in solar output associated with sunspot activities. Sunspots are dark and cooler patches on the sun which increase and decrease in a cyclical manner. Hence, option 1 is correct. 

Volcanism is considered as another cause for climate change. Volcanic eruption throws up lots of aerosols into the atmosphere. These aerosols remain in the atmosphere for a considerable period of time reducing the sun’s radiation reaching the Earth’s surface. After the recent Pinatoba and El Cion volcanic eruptions, the average temperature of the earth fell to some extent for some years. Hence, option 2 is correct. 

Solar eclipses occur when the moon slips between Earth and the sun, causing a huge shadow to glide across our planet's surface. Meteorologists say that an eclipse could lower temperatures within this shadow by as much as 5 degrees Fahrenheit (3 degrees Celsius). But they couldn't confirm anecdotal reports of changes in wind speed and direction linked to the astronomical events. Hence, option 3 is incorrect. 

Source)

http://ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/kegy212.pdf

(page number 107)

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/3/120328-solar-eclipses-winds-weather-sun-earth-space-science/

 

Q2.

Which of the following may happen due to Global warming and the greenhouse effect?

1. Reduce the yield of crops.

2. Reduce grain size

3. Delayed maturation of crops

4. Thinner and more fragile shells marine organisms

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

a) 1, 3 and 4 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution : a)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Statement 1 and 2 and 4 are correct. Ocean acidification affects marine organisms in two ways. First, carbonic acid reacts with carbonate ions in the water to form bicarbonate. However, those same carbonate ions are what shell-building animals like coral need to create calcium carbonate shells. With less carbonate available, the animals need to expend more energy to build their shells. As a result, the shells end up being thinner and more fragile.

Second, the more acidic water is, the better it dissolves calcium carbonate. In the long run, this reaction will allow the ocean to soak up excess carbon dioxide because more acidic water will dissolve more rock, release more carbonate ions, and increase the ocean’s capacity to absorb carbon dioxide. In the meantime, though, more acidic water will dissolve the carbonate shells of marine organisms, making them pitted and weak.

Global warming may change rainfall pattern; lead to early maturation of crops and reduce grain size and yield of crop. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect. 

Excessive heat expands water. Sea level rise cause flooding of coastal cities and damage coastal ecosystems like marshes and swamps.

Source) 

http://old.nios.ac.in/secscicour/CHAPTER22.pdf

 

Q3.

Consider the following gases:

1. Chlorofluorocarbon

2. Nitrogen dioxide

3. Carbon monoxide

4. Carbon dioxide

5. Methane 

Which of the above gases is/are considered as 'Greenhouse gas’?

 

a) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
b) 1 and 4 and 5 only
c) 3, 4 and 5 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
Solution : a)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrous oxide, Hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs), Perfluorocarbons(PFCs and Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) are Green House Gases. 

Carbon monoxide is not a Greenhouse gas. Hence, the correct answer is As.

"Greenhouse gases" means those gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, those absorb and re-emit infrared radiation. Gases such as CO2, NO2, CFCs allow sun rays to pass through them but then absorb and reradiate the heat back towards the earth. Therefore, these are therefore termed as greenhouse gases.

Source) Shankar IAS Environment Book; page number 205

Q4.

Which one of the following correctly describes the term 'ecological balance'?

 

a) The number of individuals of a species in an environment divided by the total land area, or water volume, of that environment.
b) The balance between endemic species and alien species in an ecosystem.
c) The natural phenomenon of balancing population growth when it nears the carrying capacity.
d) A stable balance in the numbers of each species in an ecosystem which takes place only through natural succession.
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Ecological balance is a state of dynamic equilibrium within a community of organisms in a habitat or ecosystem. It can happen when the diversity of living organisms remains relatively stable. Gradual changes do take place but that happens only through natural succession. A stable balance in the numbers of each species in an ecosystem occurs through competition and cooperation between different organisms where the population remains stable. This balance is brought about by the fact that certain species compete with one another determined by the environment in which they grow. This balance is also attained by the fact that some species depend on others for their food and sustenance.

Source)

http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/kegy215.pdf

 

Q5.

Consider the following statements:

1. Carbon dioxide can increase the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere.

2. The amount of water vapour in the air at any given time is strongly related to the amount of greenhouse gases in the air.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

 

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution : c)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Both the statements are correct. CO2 and other greenhouse gases increase the amount of water vapour in the air by boosting the rate of evaporation. Since the rate of evaporation rises with temperature, the amount of water vapour in the air at any one time (and the amount of warming it causes) is strongly related to the amount of other greenhouse gases in the air.

Unlike CO2, which can persist in the air for centuries, water vapour cycles through the atmosphere quickly, evaporating from the oceans and elsewhere before coming back down as rain or snow.

Source)

Shankar IAS Environment Book; page number 205

 

Q6.

Which of the following is/are effects of climate change on food security, consider the following statements:

1. Pole ward spread of pests and diseases in both hemispheres.

2. Increased frequency of extreme climatic events will reduce crop production.

3. Acidification of oceans will disturb the marine food chain.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

a) 3 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

All the statements are correct. Higher temperatures from global warming, mainly due to elevated CO2, will mean that more numbers of pests will survive the winter season. Elevated CO2 will help in easier over-wintering of pathogens while higher temperatures will favour the thermophilic fungi.

Higher temperatures will lead to a poleward spread of many pests and diseases in both hemispheres. This will lead to more attacks over longer periods in the temperate climatic zone. 

Climate change will increase the intensity and frequency of extreme events like droughts, floods, storms etc. and these events will impact crop production adversely.

Climate change results in increase in CO2 concentration in oceans leading to ocean acidification. Seafood is a large part of many people's diets around the world. And many marine species can't survive in the more acidic environment, for e.g. planktons which form the basis of food chain.

Source)

https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/climate-change/how-is-climate-change-affecting-crop-pest-and-diseases--54199

 

Q7.

 Which of the following is/are effects of global warming?

1. Rise of sea level.

2. Increase of the temperature near the ocean surface.

3. Drastic fall in precipitation of water and soil moisture.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

a) 3 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution : b)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

statement 1 is correct. Temperature near the ocean surface would Increase and cause glaciers and polar ice sheets to melt faster. This would flood the low lying coastal areas and several islands. 

Statement 2 is correct. An increase in the atmospheric temperature will cause sea-level to rise by 1 to 2 mm per year. 

Statement 3 is incorrect. Due to the increased temperature of the earth's atmosphere, the precipitation of water will increase. This will decrease the soil moisture content and lead to frequent downpours also. 

Source)

https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/SrSec314NewE/Lesson-27.pdf

 

Q8.

Which of the following Geoengineering methods can be used to address climate change?

1. Reducing cloud brightness

2. Ocean fertilization

3. Reducing surface brightness

4. Algae-coated buildings 

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 

a) 2 and 4 only
b) 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution : a)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Following are the geoengineering technologies to address climate change:

Solar reflection:

  1. Enhancing surface brightness (painting roofs and other surfaces white). Hence, statement 3 is incorrect. 
  2. Enhancing cloud brightness (by spraying them with sea-water droplets to increase their cooling effect). Hence, statement 1 is incorrect. 
  3. Increasing stratospheric aerosols (injecting sulphur dioxide into the stratosphere to help form reflective clouds)
  4. Placing reflectors in space

Carbon dioxide removal:

  1. Afforestation, reforestation and avoidance of deforestation (because trees sequester carbon)
  2. Algae-coated buildings (the algae absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis)
  3. Biochar (converting agricultural waste into a form of charcoal that holds carbon and retains nutrients and water in soils)
  4. Enhancing weathering of carbonate or silicate rocks (which removes CO2 from the atmosphere as the rocks disintegrate)
  5. Air-capture of carbon dioxide (such as artificial trees)
  6. Ocean fertilization (supplying nutrients to enhance the growth of tiny plants that absorb CO2)

Source) 

https://na.unep.net/geas/getuneppagewitharticleidscript.php?article_id=52