Statement 1 is incorrect. The NITI Aayog neither a constitutional body nor a statutory body. It is a non-constitutional or extra-constitutional body (i.e., not created by the Constitution) and a non-statutory body (not created by an Act of the Parliament). It was created by a Cabinet Resolution.

Statement 2 is correct. The NITI Aayog is chaired by the Prime Minister of India.

Source) Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth; Chapter 52

Both the statements are correct. Unlike the chairman and members of the Union Public Service Commission, the Chairman and members of a State Public Service Commission are appointed by the Governor. But, they can be removed only by the president (and not by the governor). The President can remove them on the same grounds and in the same manner as he can remove a chairman or a member of the UPSC.

Thus, he can remove him under the following circumstances:

(a) If he is adjudged an insolvent (i.e., has gone bankrupt); or

(b) If he engages, during his term of office, in any paid employment outside the duties of his office; or

(c) If he is, in the opinion of the president, unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body

The President can also remove the chairman or any other member of SPSC for misbehaviour. the Constitution has also defined the term ‘misbehaviour’ in this context.

The Constitution states that the chairman or any other member of a SPSC is deemed to be guilty of misbehaviour, if he (a) is concerned or interested in any contract or agreement made by the Government of India or the government of a state, or (b) participates in any way in the profit of such contract or agreement or in any benefit therefrom otherwise than as a member and in common with other members of an incorporated company.

Source) Indian Polity by M.Laxmikanth; Chapter 46

The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) and Joint State Public Service Commission (JSPSC) are statutory bodies.

The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is an apex Indian governmental body created in 1964 to address governmental corruption.

In 2003, the Parliament enacted a law conferring statutory status on the CVC. It has the status of an autonomous body, free of control from any executive authority, charged with monitoring all vigilance activity under the Central Government of India, advising various authorities in central Government organizations in planning, executing, reviewing and reforming their vigilance work.

The Constitution makes a provision for the establishment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (JSPSC) for two or more states. While the UPSC and the SPSC are created directly by the Constitution, a JSPSC can be created by an act of Parliament on the request of the state legislatures concerned. Thus, a JSPSC is a statutory and not a constitutional body.

The State Public Service Commission is a constitutional body.

Source) Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth; Chapter 46

Statement 1 is incorrect. As per Article 280 of the Constitution, the Finance Commission consists of a chairman and four other members to be appointed by the president. They hold office for such period as specified by the president in his order.

Statement 2 is incorrect. The Constitution authorises the Parliament to determine the qualifications of members of the commission and the manner in which they should be selected. Accordingly, the Parliament has specified the qualifications of the chairman and members of the commission. The chairman should be a person having experience in public affairs and the four other members should be selected from amongst the following:

1. A judge of high court or one qualified to be appointed as one.
2. A person who has specialised knowledge of finance and accounts of the government.
3. A person who has wide experience in financial matters and in administration.
4. A person who has special knowledge of economics.

Statement 3 is correct. The chairman and four other members of the Finance Commission are eligible for reappointment.

Source) Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth; Chapter 4

The 65th Constitutional Amendment Act of 19905 provided for the establishment of a high level multi-member National Commission for SCs and STs in the place of a single Special Officer for SCs and STs. This constitutional body replaced the Commissioner for SCs and STs as well as the Commission set up under the Resolution of 1987.

Source) Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

All the statements are correct.

In 2005, the President specified the following other functions of the Commission in relation to the protection, welfare and development and advancement of the STs7:

1. Measures to be taken over conferring ownership rights in respect of minor forest produce to STs living in forest areas.
2. Measures to be taken to safeguard rights of the tribal communities over mineral resources, water resources etc., as per law
3. Measures to be taken for the development of tribals and to work for more viable livelihood strategies
4. Measures to be taken to improve the efficacy of relief and rehabilitation measures for tribal groups displaced by development projects
5. Measures to be taken to prevent alienation of tribal people from land and to effectively rehabilitate such people in whose case alienation has already taken place
6. Measures to be taken to elicit maximum cooperation and involvement of tribal communities for protecting forests and undertaking social afforestation
7. Measures to be taken to ensure full implementation of the Provisions of Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996
8. Measures to be taken to reduce and ultimately eliminate the practice of shifting cultivation by tribals that lead to their continuous disempowerment and degradation of land and the environment.

Source) Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth; Chapter 47

Statement 1 is correct. Originally, the Constitution of India did not make any provision with respect to the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities. Later, the States Reorganisation Commission (1953-55) made a recommendation in this regard. Accordingly, the Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 inserted a new Article 350-B in Part XVII of the Constitution.

Statement 2 is incorrect. It would be the duty of the Special Officer to investigate all matters relating to the safeguards provided for linguistic minorities under the Constitution. He would report to the President upon those matters at such intervals as the President may direct. The President should place all such reports before each House of Parliament and send to the governments of the states concerned.

Statement 3 is incorrect. The Constitution does not specify the qualifications, tenure, salaries and allowances, service conditions and procedure for removal of the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities.

Source) Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth; Chapter 48

The term of office of the AG is not fixed by the Constitution. Further, the Constitution does not contain the procedure and grounds for his removal. He holds office during the pleasure of the president.

The remuneration of the AG is not fixed by the Constitution. He receives such remuneration as the President may determine.

Source) Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth; Chapter 50