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Q1

With reference to the Robotic Operating System, consider the following statements:

1. It is a real-time operating system. 

2. The language-and platform-independent tools are used for building and distributing Robotic Operating System-based software.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Q2

With reference to robotics, what is BigDog?

Q3

With reference to the 'Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research', sometimes mentioned in the news, consider the following statements:

1. It is the first-ever life-size humanoid robot sent into space. 

2. It is a project of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Q4

With reference to biorobotics, consider the following statements:

1. They have lesser mobility and flexibility than traditional robots.

2. They possess sensory abilities.

3. Rehabilitation and assistive technologies are examples of biorobotics. 

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

 

Q5

For which of the following purposes Fullerene is used?

1. In manufacturing protective eyewear

2. In preparing anti-ageing agent for skin

3. In delivering of hydrophobic drugs 

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Q6

Consider the following statements:

1. Both Diamond and Graphite occur naturally and are manufactured artificially. 

2. Graphite has a higher relative density than Diamond. 

3. Both Diamond and Graphite are insoluble in all solvents. 

Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?

 

 


 

Q7

Recently, Geographical Indication Tag has been granted to Panchamirtham prasadam. It belongs to which of the following temple?

 

Q8

Which of the following statements is/are correct about nanoparticles?

1. It can produce free radicals in the human body.

2. It can enter the bloodstream.

3. More powerful and more destructive Atomic weapons can be produced with the help of nanoparticles.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Q9

Which of the following is/are applications of Fullerene?

  1. Efficient radical scavenging.
  2. Effective cytoprotection against the ultraviolet irradiation.
  3. Prevent lipid peroxidation.
  4. Proper  transportation of a pharmaceutical compound

Select the correct code using the option given below

Q10

Consider the following statement about the Graphene

  1. Graphene is the most reactive carbon form.
  2. Graphene has very less heat resistance of up to 650 C.
  3. Graphene has good electrical conductivity.
  4. Graphene’s tensile strength has limit up to 1 Tetra Pascal.

Which of the statment given above is/are correct?

Q11

Which of the following is/are applications of Graphene?

  1. Biomedical
  2. Optical Electronics
  3. Solar cells
  4. Energy Storage Devices
  5. Integrated Circuit

Select the correct code using the option given below

Q12

Carbon Nanotubes are used in

  1. Making light-weight components
  2. Making electric cables, wires, solar cells
  3. Cancer treatment

Select the correct code using the option given below

Q13

Which of the following is/are disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence?

  1. Lacks human sensation.
  2. Ability to replace human job.
  3. Utilisation of machine for taking on complex and stressed work.
  4. No information filtration.

Select the correct code using the option given below

Q14

Consider the following pairs about the artificial intelligence projects

  1. Adam- Facebook
  2. Siri - Apple
  3. Alexa -Google
  4. Watson - IBM

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Q15

The term ‘Sophia’ sometimes seen in the news are related to​​​​​​​

 

Q1.

With reference to the Robotic Operating System, consider the following statements:

1. It is a real-time operating system. 

2. The language-and platform-independent tools are used for building and distributing Robotic Operating System-based software.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution : b)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

 Statement 1 is incorrect. The Robotic Operating System is not an operating system rather it is a collection of a software framework for robot software development, providing operating system. Robotic Operating System provides standard operating system services such as the implementation of commonly-used functionalities, message-passing between processes, hardware abstraction, low-level device control, and package management. 

Statement 2 is correct. The language and platform is an independent tool used for building and distributing of Robot Operating System (ROS or ros). 

 

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.

 

C:\\\\Users\\\\CIA\\\\Desktop\\\\Operating system.jpg

Source) Chapter 18; page number 373

Q2.

With reference to robotics, what is BigDog?

a) A soldier support vehicle
b) A fully automatic assault rifles
c) A drug delivery system
d) Robotic operating system
Solution : a)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

The 'BigDog robot, is a military robot mule developed by Boston Dynamics. Boston Dynamics' BigDog robotic pack mule can traverse difficult, rough or potentially hazardous terrain, including ice, with relative ease. It was dubbed as BigDog because of its motion resembling that of a dog. 

Source)

Chapter 18; page  number 372

https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/gadgets/walking-robot-maker-prepares-to-unleash-its-dog-like-machine-5173815/

 

https://www.army-technology.com/features/featurecould-bigdog-be-a-soldiers-best-robotic-friend/


 

Q3.

With reference to the 'Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research', sometimes mentioned in the news, consider the following statements:

1. It is the first-ever life-size humanoid robot sent into space. 

2. It is a project of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Both the statements are incorrect. 

  • Fedor stands for Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research. It is also known as Skybot F850. Recently, Russia launched this life-size humanoid robot called Fedor to International Space Station (ISS). It is the first-ever life-size humanoid robot sent into space by Russia. It was launched onboard of unmanned Soyuz MS-14 rocket from Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. But, Fedor is not the first robot to go into space.
  • In 2011, NASA sent up Robonaut 2, a humanoid robot developed with General Motors that had a similar aim of working in high-risk environments.
  • It was flown back to Earth in 2018 after experiencing technical problems.
  • In 2013, Japan sent up a small robot called Kirobo along with the ISS's first Japanese space commander. Developed with Toyota, it was able to hold conversations — albeit only in Japanese.
  • Fedor copies human movements, a key skill that allows it to remotely help astronauts or even people on Earth to carry out tasks while the humans are strapped into an exoskeleton.

 

Source) 

https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/russia-sends-its-first-humanoid-robot-fedor-into-space/article29220831.ece

Q4.

With reference to biorobotics, consider the following statements:

1. They have lesser mobility and flexibility than traditional robots.

2. They possess sensory abilities.

3. Rehabilitation and assistive technologies are examples of biorobotics. 

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

 

a) 1 only 
b) 1 and 2 only 
c) 2 and 3 only 
d) 3 only 
Solution : c)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Exp) Statement 1 is incorrect. Biorobotics refers to the developing of biologically-inspired robots, with improved and enhanced capabilities over traditional robots, which are robotic.  Biologically-inspired robots have greater mobility and flexibility than traditional robots and often possess sensory abilities. Hence, statement 2 is correct. 

 

Statement 3 is correct. Biorobotic technologies are often utilized to provide assistance to accommodate a deficiency-either as fully-functioning robots or highly advanced prosthetics. 

 

In medicine, a prosthesis or prosthetic implant is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part, which may be lost through trauma, disease, or a condition present at birth. Prostheses are intended to restore the normal functions of the missing body part.

Source) 

Chapter 18; page number 377

Q5.

For which of the following purposes Fullerene is used?

1. In manufacturing protective eyewear

2. In preparing anti-ageing agent for skin

3. In delivering of hydrophobic drugs 

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

a) 2 and 3 only
b) 1 and 2 only 
c) 1 and 3 only 
d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Exp) Fullerene have the following applications:

1. Antioxidants

2. Cryoprotectors against ultraviolet 

3. Cosmetic or to prevent premature ageing 

4. Prevent cell toxicity 

5. Antiviral agents

6. Drug delivery and Gene delivery 

7. Photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy 

8. Solar cells 

9. Protective eyewear

10. Hardening agents

11. Hydrogen gas storage

 

Source) Chapter 19; page number 382

Q6.

Consider the following statements:

1. Both Diamond and Graphite occur naturally and are manufactured artificially. 

2. Graphite has a higher relative density than Diamond. 

3. Both Diamond and Graphite are insoluble in all solvents. 

Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?

 

 


 

a) 3 only 
b) 1 and 2 only 
c) 1, 2 and 3 
d) None of the above
Solution : c)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Exp) Statement 1 is incorrect. Diamond occurs naturally in free State. Graphite occurs naturally and is manufactured artificially. 

Statement 2 is incorrect. Diamond has high relative density (about 3.5). The relative density of Graphite is 2.3.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Diamond is insoluble in all solvents. Graphite is insoluble in all ordinary solvents. 

Source)

Chapter 19; page number 385

Q7.

Recently, Geographical Indication Tag has been granted to Panchamirtham prasadam. It belongs to which of the following temple?

 

a) Murugan Temple, Palani
b) Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam
c) Meenakshi Temple, Madurai
d) Kanchi Kailasanthar Temple, Kanchipuram
Solution : a)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Exp) The famous Palani panchamirtham, given as ‘prasadam’ at the Murugan temple there, has been granted the Geographical Indication (GI) tag.

This is the first time a temple ‘prasadam’ from Tamil Nadu has been bestowed with the GI tag. 

 

The panchamirtham is an ‘abhishega prasadam’ (food that is a religious offering), which is served in a semi-solid state. It is sweet in taste and one of the main offerings for Lord Dhandayuthapani Swamy, the presiding deity of Arulmigu Dhandayuthapani Swamy Temple, situated on Palani Hills.

 

As per the GI application, the geographical area for production of panchamirtham is Palani town in Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu. It lies within latitude of 10.44 ° and longitude of 77.52 °.

 

Source) 

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/panchamirtham-of-palani-temple-gets-gi-tag/article29089343.ece

Q8.

Which of the following statements is/are correct about nanoparticles?

1. It can produce free radicals in the human body.

2. It can enter the bloodstream.

3. More powerful and more destructive Atomic weapons can be produced with the help of nanoparticles.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

a) 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Exp) All the statements are correct.

  • Nanoparticles can easily enter into the human body through food, skin or lungs and produce free radicals, thereby causing cell damage.
  • If nanoparticles enter the bloodstream and cross the blood-brain barrier, they will become more dangerous to human life.
  • Nano-bomb is the most dangerous outcome of the use of nanotechnology that contains engineered self-multiplying deadly viruses that are dangerous to the entire civilization.

 

Source)

Chapter 19; page number389

Q9.

Which of the following is/are applications of Fullerene?

  1. Efficient radical scavenging.
  2. Effective cytoprotection against the ultraviolet irradiation.
  3. Prevent lipid peroxidation.
  4. Proper  transportation of a pharmaceutical compound

Select the correct code using the option given below

a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 2, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-
  • All of the statement given above are applications of Fullerene. 
    • Medical application of fullerene- Various techniques like encapsulation of the fullerenes with hydrophilic molecules, suspending this molecule with other solvents, and conjugating it with other hydrophilic molecules.
    • Antioxidants- Antioxidants property of  fullerenes can be attributed to the large number of conjugated double bonds they possess and a very high electron affinity of these molecules. 
    • Cytoprotection against ultraviolet- These molecules also act as effective cytoprotection against ultraviolet irradiation. Hence, these molecules are also known as the world's most efficient radical scavengers.
    • Cosmetic- A water soluble derivative C60 with polyvinylpyrrolidone or Radical sponge is usually added to cosmetics.
    • Prevent Cell Toxicity- Fullerene molecules also prevent lipid peroxidation by scavenging peroxy radicals, and thus, prevent cell cytotoxicity related with them.
    • Antiviral Agents- Fullerenes have grabbed quite a bit of attention due to their potential as antiviral agents.

Drug Delivery and Gene Delivery- Drug delivery is the proper transportation of a pharmaceutical compound to action site, while gene delivery is the introduction of foreign DNA into cells to bring about a desired effect.

Q10.

Consider the following statement about the Graphene

  1. Graphene is the most reactive carbon form.
  2. Graphene has very less heat resistance of up to 650 C.
  3. Graphene has good electrical conductivity.
  4. Graphene’s tensile strength has limit up to 1 Tetra Pascal.

Which of the statment given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1, 2 and 3 only
c) 2, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-
  • Statement 1 is Correct: Graphene is the most reactive carbon form in chemical terms. It is made-up of  carbon only and usually materials having solid properties where each atom is prone to chemical reaction from both sides,a s it has a two-dimensional structure.
  • Statement 2 is Incorrect: Graphene has very high heat resistance of up to 3500 C.
  • Statement 3 is Correct: It has good electrical conductivity. Electrons can move in an easier manner through graphene, than that of copper.

Statement 4 is Correct: Graphene being harder than diamond, has good strength. Graphene is around 300 times stronger than steel. Graphene’s tensile strength has limit up to 1 Tetra Pascal.

Q11.

Which of the following is/are applications of Graphene?

  1. Biomedical
  2. Optical Electronics
  3. Solar cells
  4. Energy Storage Devices
  5. Integrated Circuit

Select the correct code using the option given below

a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-
  • All of the statement given above are applications of Graphene. 
    • Usage of graphene is being undertaken for commercial purposes and various applications are proposed or actively under development, in various areas such as filtration, lightweight/strong composite materials, electronics, photovoltaics, energy storage and biological engineering.
      • Biomedical
      • Integrated Circuit
      • Optical Electronics
      • Filters-Desalination
      • Solar Cells
      • Energy Storage Devices
      • Anti-bacterial
Q12.

Carbon Nanotubes are used in

  1. Making light-weight components
  2. Making electric cables, wires, solar cells
  3. Cancer treatment

Select the correct code using the option given below

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-
  • All of the statement given above are Correct.
  • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an allotrope of carbon- they are cylindrical hollow fibres, comprised of a single sheet of pure graphite (a hexagonal lattice of carbon), having a diameter of 0.7 to 50 nanometres with lengths generally in the range of 10’s of microns.

Application of Nanotechnology

  • Nano Medicine: Nanomedicine is the medical application of Nanotechnology. Nano medicine ranges from medical application of Nano materials and biological devices to nano electronic biosensors and future biological machines.
    • Drug delivery system
    • Diagnosis of diseases as well as DNA structural changes
    • Tissue engineering
    • In sensing the biological cells (Biosensors)
    • Nano robotics
  • Electricals: The electrical resistance of Nanotubes changes significantly when other molecules attach themselves to the carbon atom. Companies are using this property to develop sensors that can detect chemical vapors such as carbon monoxide or biological molecules.
  • IT and electronics: NT can be used to make tiny transistors of CNT which help in developing Nano circuits. This will lead to further miniaturization of computers making them even faster and compact the use of CNT will strongly increase the data storage density of hard disk.
  • Green energy: Lightweight windmill blades made with an epoxy containing carbon Nanotubes. This increases the amount of electricity generated by each windmill.
  • Heavy Industry: Lighter and Stronger carbon NT (CNT) are of immense use to aircraft manufacturer leading to increase performance.
  • Pollution: Nanoparticles of iron oxide are extremely effective & binding & removing arsenic from groundwater.
  • Environment: Nano filtration under NT can be helpful in wastewater treatment, producing safe and clean drinking water. The extremely small size of pores enables filtration of bacteria, protozoa and other infectious agents. New antimicrobial coatings and dirt repellent plastic bags are a remarkable improvement in ensuring the safety & security of packaged foods.

Agriculture: The major role of NT enable devices will be the increased use of Nano sensors linked to GPS for real time monitoring Nano sensors distributed throughout the field where they can monitor soil condition, crop growth including rapid disease detection.

Q13.

Which of the following is/are disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence?

  1. Lacks human sensation.
  2. Ability to replace human job.
  3. Utilisation of machine for taking on complex and stressed work.
  4. No information filtration.

Select the correct code using the option given below

a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Solution : c)
Unattempted. Explanation :-
  • Statement 3 is Incorrect:  Utilisation of machine for taking on complex and stressed work that would else be undertaken by humans is advantage of artificial intelligence.
  • Statement 1, 2 and 4 are Correct: AI lacks human sensation. Human qualities are ignored.The ability to replace a human job. This gives rise to humans feeling insecure of losing their jobs. A machine can replace human capabilities and therefore it can promote inferiority feelings among workers and staff. No information filtration by AI systems.
Q14.

Consider the following pairs about the artificial intelligence projects

  1. Adam- Facebook
  2. Siri - Apple
  3. Alexa -Google
  4. Watson - IBM

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only 
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 2 and 4 only
Solution : d)
Unattempted. Explanation :-
  • Pair 1 is Incorrect: Adam is deep learning project at Microsoft inc.
  • Pair 2 is Correct: Siri is intelligence personal assistant, part of Apple's iPhone operating system that relies on speech recognition, natural language processing and advanced machine learning.
  • Pair 3 is Incorrect: Alexa is Amazon’s intelligence personal assistant connected to smart speakers called Amazon Echo. capable of voice interaction, music playback, making to-do-list, setting alarms, streaming podcasts, playing audio books, giving real-time information about traffic and weather. 
  • Pair 4 is Correct: Watson is IBM’s question answering computer system that is based on natural language processing and machine learning. It is capable of answering the questions posed in natural language.
Q15.

The term ‘Sophia’ sometimes seen in the news are related to​​​​​​​

 

a) Humanoid Artificially Intelligent Robot.
b) Exoplanet discovered in milky way galaxy.
c) Space observatory located in Antarctica.
d) None of the above
Solution : a)
Unattempted. Explanation :-

Sophia is a social humanoid robot developed by Hong Kong based company Hanson Robotics.